What is GSM?
GSM (Global System for
Mobile communications) is an open, digital cellular technology used
for transmitting mobile voice and data services. GSM differs from first
generation wireless systems in that it uses digital technology and time
division multiple access transmission methods. GSM is a circuit-switched
system that divides each 200kHz channel into eight 25kHz time-slots.
GSM operates in the 900MHz and 1.8GHz bands in Europe and the 1.9GHz
and 850MHz bands in the US. The 850MHz band is also used for GSM and
3GSM in Australia, Canada and many South American countries. GSM supports
data transfer speeds of up to 9.6 kbit/s, allowing the transmission
of basic data services such as SMS (Short Message Service). Another
major benefit is its international roaming capability, allowing users
to access the same services when travelling abroad as at home. This
gives consumers seamless and same number connectivity in more than 210
countries. GSM satellite roaming has also extended service access to
areas where terrestrial coverage is not available.
GSM Roaming
Roaming is defined as the ability for a cellular customer to automatically
make & receive voice calls, send & receive data, or access other
services when travelling outside the geographical coverage area of the
home network, by means of using a visited network.
Roaming is technically
supported by mobility management, authentication and billing procedures.
Establishing roaming between network operators is based on - and the
commercial terms are contained in - Roaming Agreements.
If the visited network
is in the same country as the home network, this is known as National
Roaming. If the visited network is outside the home country, this is
known as International Roaming (the term Global Roaming has also been
used).
If the visited network
operates on a different technical standard than the home network, this
is known as Inter-standard roaming.
GSM Roaming, which involves roaming
between GSM networks, offers the convenience of a single number, a single
bill and a single phone with worldwide access to over 210 countries*.
The convenience of GSM Roaming has been a key driver behind the global
success of the GSM Platform.